Ultrasonic cavitation test system
cavitation phenomenon
Cavitation, also known as cavitation erosion, refers to the phenomenon of cavity-like corrosion damage occurring on metal surfaces in contact with fluids under conditions of high-speed flow and pressure changes. It commonly occurs in areas such as the tips of centrifugal pump blades where there is a high-speed pressure reduction zone, forming cavities that burst when they enter high-pressure zones, creating impact pressures that destroy the protective film on the metal surface, thereby accelerating corrosion.
When materials are exposed to cavitation fluids, cavitation occurs. The rupture of cavitation bubbles generates strong shock waves and microjets, leading to highly localized surface stresses. The repetitive loading caused by repeated bubble ruptures can result in local surface fatigue failure and subsequent material detachment or spalling. In the study of wear-resistant materials, it is necessary to measure, compare, and evaluate the wear resistance properties of materials. For example, components such as pumps, valves, turbine runners, and blades often fail due to cavitation damage.